Published by Joe Doughney and Lilly Vang, Consulting-Specifying Engineer, Electrical Articles: Electrical grounding and bonding per NEC, December 9, 2020. Understanding correct grounding and bonding design and construction is crucial for proper electrical system operation and personnel safety Learning Objectives • Learn the proper electrical grounding terminologies.• Understand National Electrical Code grounding and bonding requirementsContinue reading “Electrical Grounding and Bonding per NEC”
Category Archives: App Notes / White Papers
10 Actions Companies Can Take Right Now to Reduce Energy Costs and Carbon Emissions
Published by Reuters EventsTM , The industrial energy efficiency playbook, November 2022. A report in conjunction with ABB and Energy Efficiency MovementTM . Executive summary The world’s industries stand at an energy crossroads in 2022. The urgency of climate change demands action on all sides—from industry, governments and civil society. Energy shortages, brought on byContinue reading “10 Actions Companies Can Take Right Now to Reduce Energy Costs and Carbon Emissions”
IEEE Standard 519-2022 Update and Changes From Prior Version (-2014)
Published by Mirus International Inc. APPLICATION NOTE IEEE STD 519 – 2022 UPDATE_HARMONIC STANDARD IEEE Standard for Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems (IEEE Std 519-2022), is a highly recognized and referenced standard, and has been updated in 2022 from its prior 2014 version. The purpose of the standard is to establish goals for theContinue reading “IEEE Standard 519-2022 Update and Changes From Prior Version (-2014)”
Understanding Power Flow and Naming Conventions In Bi-directional Metering Applications
Published by Michael Bearden Introduction In 1982 Raymond “Ray” Stevens published a paper “Power Flow Direction Definitions for Metering of Bi-directional Power”. This paper helped reduce the confusion in the terminology associated with the naming of power quantities based on the direction of active and reactive power flow. The paper did not address leading andContinue reading “Understanding Power Flow and Naming Conventions In Bi-directional Metering Applications”
How High Voltage PTs (VTs) and CTs Limit the Input to PQ Voltage Transient Measuring Instruments and Limit the High Order Harmonic Accuracies of Voltage and Current
Published by Terry Chandler, Director of Engineering, Power Quality Thailand Ltd. & Power Quality Inc., USA. Application Note, Sept. 2013Emails: terryc@powerquality.org, terryc@powerquality.co.th Typical PTs and CTs cause errors and issues in PQ measurements in three areas: 1. Harmonics As the PT and CT have very poor frequency response, they are in affect are a low pass filter onContinue reading “How High Voltage PTs (VTs) and CTs Limit the Input to PQ Voltage Transient Measuring Instruments and Limit the High Order Harmonic Accuracies of Voltage and Current”
Wire Wrapping for Low Current Monitoring
Published by Veris Industries, Veris Application Note VN35 – Wire Wrapping for Low Current Monitoring. The information provided herein is intended to supplement the knowledge required of an electrician trained in high voltage installations. There is no intent to foresee all possible variables in individual situations, nor to provide all training needed to perform theseContinue reading “Wire Wrapping for Low Current Monitoring”
General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching – Common Waveforms
Published by Electrotek Concepts, Inc., PQSoft Case Study: General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching – Common Waveforms, Document ID: PQS0707, Date: January 1, 2007. Abstract: The application of utility capacitor banks has long been accepted as a necessary step in the efficient design of utility power systems. Also, capacitor switching is generally considered a normal operationContinue reading “General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching – Common Waveforms”
Prospective Short Circuit Test and Prospective Fault Current Test (PSC & PFC TEST)
Published by Carelabs, Carelabs (Carelabz) is authorized provider of Electrical Installation’s Study, Analysis, Inspection, and Certification services in UAE. Website: carelabz.com Prospective Short Circuit (PSC) and Prospective Fault Current (PFC) are both intended to calculate the highest current that will stream within a fault loop path during the occurrence of an electrical flaw as needed by rules. The Prospective Short Circuit Current (PSC) is the utmost current that could flow between Line and Neutral conductors onContinue reading “Prospective Short Circuit Test and Prospective Fault Current Test (PSC & PFC TEST)”
General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching
Published by Electrotek Concepts, Inc., PQSoft Case Study: General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching, Document ID: PQS0302, Date: January 10, 2003. Abstract: The application of utility capacitor banks has long been accepted as a necessary step in the efficient design of utility power systems. Also, capacitor switching is generally considered a normal operation for a utilityContinue reading “General Reference – Utility Capacitor Switching”
General Reference – Modeling for Transient Analysis
Published by Electrotek Concepts, Inc., PQSoft Case Study: General Reference – Modeling for Transient Analysis, Document ID: PQS0316, Date: July 18, 2003. Abstract: Transient voltage and currents are a result of sudden changes within the electric power system. Opening or closing of a switch or circuit breaker causes a change in circuit configuration and the associatedContinue reading “General Reference – Modeling for Transient Analysis”
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