PQBlog

Monitoring of Low Voltage Grids with the use of SAIDI Indexes

Published by Zbigniew ŁUKASIK1, Jacek KOZYRA1, Aldona KUŚMIŃSKA-FIJAŁKOWSKA1Uniwersytet Technologiczno-Humanistyczny w Radomiu, Wydział Transportu i Elektrotechniki (1) Abstract. A new method of established and justified level of operational costs for distribution network operators in a new model of regulation in force in the years 2016 – 2020 is described in this article. The changes made inContinue reading “Monitoring of Low Voltage Grids with the use of SAIDI Indexes”

Harmonic Measurement in Electrical Networks

Published by Electrical Installation Wiki, Chapter M. Power harmonics management – Harmonic measurement in electrical networks Procedures for harmonic measurement Harmonic measurements are carried out on industrial or commercial sites: • Preventively, to obtain an overall idea on distribution-network status (network mapping),• In view of corrective action, to determine the origin of a disturbance and determineContinue reading “Harmonic Measurement in Electrical Networks”

Billing Measurements in the High and Extra-High Voltage Network taking into Account the New Frequency Classes According to IEC 61869-1 ED2 (AFDIS)

Published by Roland Buerger (Senseleq B.V.), Dr. Thomas Heid (CONDIS SA) Internationally, it is not easy to specify the range of high voltage exactly. The boundary between medium and high voltage is between 30 kV and 100 kV, depending on local and historical conditions. In the current version of EN 50160 from 2020, the voltageContinue reading “Billing Measurements in the High and Extra-High Voltage Network taking into Account the New Frequency Classes According to IEC 61869-1 ED2 (AFDIS)”

Interharmonics: What They Are, Where They Come From and What They Do

Published by Michael B. Marz, American Transmission Company, Waukesha, WI Email: mmarz@atcllc.com INTRODUCTION The use of sophisticated power electronics and communication systems to improve power system efficiency, flexibility and reliability is increasing interharmonic distortion and adding equipment sensitive to that distortion to the system. Knowledge of interharmonics, their sources, effects, measurement, limits and mitigation, willContinue reading “Interharmonics: What They Are, Where They Come From and What They Do”

Arc Flash and Overvoltage Protection

Published by Alex Roderick, EE Power – Technical Articles: Arc Flash and Overvoltage Protection, August 26, 2021. In addition to the risk of electrical shock, other hazards are present when work is performed on or near energized electrical equipment or conductors. Two serious hazards are electrical arc flashes and electrical arc blasts. An arc flash isContinue reading “Arc Flash and Overvoltage Protection”

How to Improve Resistance to Ground

Published by Lorenzo Mari, EE Power – Technical Articles: How to Improve Resistance to Ground, September 25, 2020. Learn about the methods used to lower the resistance of a grounding electrode When the soil resistivity is high, and the resistance to ground exceeds the required values, specific techniques are useful to decrease it. This article evaluatesContinue reading “How to Improve Resistance to Ground”

Essential Indicators of Harmonic Distortion and Measurement Principles

Published by Electrical Installation Wiki, Chapter M. Power harmonics management – Essential indicators of harmonic distortion and measurement principles A number of indicators are used to quantify and evaluate the harmonic distortion in current and voltage waveforms, namely: • Power factor• Crest factor• Harmonic spectrum• R.m.s. value These indicators are indispensable in determining any necessaryContinue reading “Essential Indicators of Harmonic Distortion and Measurement Principles”

Operating Assessment of Local Power Grid Development Considered Captive Power Plant and Expanding Structure

Published by Arif Nur AFANDI1,2,3, Irham FADLIKA1, Langlang GUMILAR1, Takeshi HIYAMA4 1Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia 2Center for Advanced Materials for Renewable Energy, Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, Indonesia3Smart Power and Advanced Energy Systems Research Center, Batu, Jawa Timur, Indonesia4The IROAST, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan Abstract. Based on current developments related to the applicationContinue reading “Operating Assessment of Local Power Grid Development Considered Captive Power Plant and Expanding Structure”

Industrial Harmonic Filter Design

Published by Electrotek Concepts, Inc., PQSoft Case Study: Industrial Harmonic Filter Design, Document ID: PQS0504, Date: June 30, 2005. Abstract: The industrial harmonic problem can be solved using a comprehensive approach including site surveys, harmonic measurements, and computer simulations. Simple calculations are used to determine the system resonant frequencies and then the preliminary model development isContinue reading “Industrial Harmonic Filter Design”

System and Equipment Grounding Safety

Published by Alex Roderick, EE Power – Technical Articles: System and Equipment Grounding Safety, August 15, 2021. Grounding is used to provide a safe path for a fault current to flow. Grounding is an integral part of any properly operating electrical system. In residence, grounding protects the occupants by providing a safe pathway for unwanted electricityContinue reading “System and Equipment Grounding Safety”